Newcastle’s evolution into a prominent city has been remarkable. Deeply rooted in history, few realise that the town has changed its name more than four times over the past 177 years. In the 1840s, it was initially known as Post Halt 2, where postal coaches would stop to refresh their horses on the journey from Durban to Johannesburg.
It was then named Waterfall River Township, inspired by the Ncandu River. Newcastle later received its current name from the British Colonial Secretary, the fifth Duke of Newcastle, a British aristocrat—not, as some believe, after the city in England.
During the Anglo-Boer War, Newcastle was invaded by Boer forces on October 14, 1899, and the town’s name was changed to Viljoensdorp. This name remained for seven months until the British recaptured it. Today, Fort Amiel Museum and Newcastle Town Hall stand proudly, reflecting Newcastle’s rich historical roots. Fort Amiel served as the British forces’ army base, while Newcastle Town Hall, built in 1899, commemorates Queen Victoria’s Diamond Jubilee.
Furthermore, a little-known fact is that the bricks for the colonial building were supplied by ANC stalwart Mac Maharaj, thereby linking two different eras. Maharaj’s old house can still be seen on Boundary Road in Lennoxton. Additionally, Mahatma Gandhi once passed through Newcastle in his quest for equality.
With Newcastle producing freedom fighters, enduring the Anglo-Boer and Anglo-Zulu wars, and even hosting a visit from Winston Churchill, it’s no wonder that Newcastle boasts a powerful and rich history.
After the steel industry boom in the 1900s and the discovery of coal, Newcastle quickly rose as one of the most flourishing towns in Northern KwaZulu-Natal.
But, while its growth speaks of a promising future, let’s never forget that heroes once walked freely in our beloved town.
